Biological influences include genetics, the nervous system, physical health, neurological functioning, and disease. (Lundahl, 2014) The biological factors that played significant roles in Joe’s life are that Joe’s father is an alcoholic who is emotionally and physically abusive. Joe’s mother displays mental health distress and is emotionally abusive. In return Joe’s parents struggle with poverty and hunger. Joe’s brother seems to isolate and not want much to do with Joe or his family.
Having parents who struggle with addiction and are abusive influences the family dynamics in many ways. Many families in these situations tend to be chaotic and toxic with no sort of consistency or stability which causes many problems for the family. Not being able to provide food causes the children to become malnourished which then affects the way the child functions and develops. When a child is in a constant fight or flight situation which Joe was in, that causes an increase risk of mental health disorders, diseases, addiction, and criminal behavior. Stress can take a toll on the biological level. According to Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon university, he mentioned they are beginning to understand the ways that stress influence a wide range of diseases of agine, including heart disease, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and certain types of disability and even early death. Research also found when stressed out it makes the body harder to heal, stress kills. (Agnvall, 2014.)
These biological influences affect psychological systems because it puts people at a higher risk for mental health disorders, which puts people at an increased risk of homelessness, addiction, poverty, and so forth that keeps people chained to generational trauma for years.
Agnvall, E. (2014, November 1). Stress and disease – conditions that may be caused by chronic stress. AARP. Retrieved January 21, 2022, from https://www.aarp.org/health/healthy-living/info-2014/stress-and-disease.html
Lundahl, B. W., & Hull, G. (2014). Applied Human Behavior in the Social Environment. Pearson Education (US). https://capella.vitalsource.com/books/9780205993796
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