Basically this is what needed, read each documents and make a response to both of them. an article was read and we and to choice what we consider important ideas then choose which author we thought had the best ideas on Is Partisan Media Exposure Bad for Democracys
Jennifer Valdivia-Vega
Sides: AUTHOR 1
Idea 1-“Most people’s “diet” of news isn’t all that skewed by their partisans” (325).
Idea 2– “Unsurprisingly, if you isolate people who watch a lot of Fox News or a lot of MSNBC their viewing habits reflect more skew” (326).
Idea 3– “He found that partisan news that reinforced subjects’ political outlook made their attitudes modestly more extreme” (326).
Idea 4- “This effect was stronger among those who said that they preferred to consume news that shared their political outlook suggesting that even if the people who watch partisan news are already pretty partisan, partisan news will make them more so” (326).
Jolly: AUTHOR 2
Idea 1-“We can actually act on the psychological predisposition to just expose ourselves to things that we agree with” (328).
Idea 2-“Algorithms make it much easier not just for you to find the content that you’re interested in, but for the content to find you that the algorithm thinks you’re interested in” (328).
Idea 3-“These types of algorithms create a news literacy issue because if readers don’t know they are influencing content, they cannot make critical decisions about what they chose to read” (329).
Levendusky: AUTHOR 3
Idea 1-“This choice of explicitly partisan outlets means that individuals can chose to hear message that reinforce their beliefs, wile avoiding those from alternative points of view; which some claim leads to polarization” (330).
Idea 2-“The evidence suggests that the media may contribute to polarization, but in more circumscribed way than many commentators suggest” (330).
Idea 3- “Republicans are more likely to tune in to Fox News and liberals are more likely to watch MSNBC. Researchers have also found that these effects are stronger for those who are partisan and politically involved” (331).
CONCLUSION
Reading these different chapters, I had to agree with Levendusky and Jolly; although, I decided more with Jolly. The reason being is, I’ve noticed that whenever I’m on social media, news links pop up that I’m more interested in. For example, on snapchat, there’s always content that I’m intrigued by and end up clicking on it. Jolly states in the chapter that the algorithms that are being used make it much easier for us to find content that we’re interested in. Unfortunately, this also makes it easier for the material to find you that the algorithm thinks you’re interested in (328). Since most social media users don’t know that this algorithm takes place then the users cannot make critical decisions about what they chose to read. If the readers do not know that they’re influencing specific content, then there’s no way for them to make that critical decision. When algorithms are involved, then algorithmic bias is put in place. Jolly states that this bias extends the search engine manipulation, which is undertaken by companies, celebrities, and public figures to make sure that their content rises (329). You’re getting exposed to content that falls under your beliefs, and you avoid alternative points of view. This also makes it easier for people to avoid any political opinion because the algorithm that’s put in place is supposed to be content that the reader likes, which can have nothing to do with politics. With this being said, these algorithms aren’t going to shape or change any reader’s point of view. They are only getting exposed to things that support their beliefs or opinions.
Does Jolly give us any data or refer to any studies in her piece? What about the trade-off that Sides mentions? Is there a connection to be made there?
Jolly uses Elli Pariser as an example because of the filter bubble Pariser explains. What it is, is an algorithm that is employed by Facebook or Google that presents content that users are more likely to view and read. In other words, it’s like a “cozy place” for these users, and this leads the users to return to the same site. This is dangerous because this can throw the user’s attention to irrelevant things. With the trade-off that Sides mention, he explains how politics is supposed to deliberate the common goods. Partisanship doesn’t facilitate this; it distracts people from the goal. Sides also describes how it is easier to distract partisans because they are misinformed on their biased opinion. This also connects to Jolly’s study; once someone has an idea, it’s most likely they’re not going to change their mind. Partisans will side with anything that supports their argument even if their wrong or misinformed partisans will use anything to back up their po
I also think Jolly’s point of view convincing in some points. Jolly mentioned that when browsing websites, readers often don’t know how the algorithm is biased or how the content they receive is filtered. (p329) That’s true. No matter browsing the website or shopping online, the website will, according to our browsing records, rely on powerful algorithms to help us select the content we have browsed or are more willing to accept in the past. I think this will undoubtedly deepen our prejudice against things. However, I think that this is not all due to the algorithm, but also our confirmation bias. The reason why algorithms can be continuously developed and applied to websites is closely related to our greater willingness to accept certain inherent biases. Therefore, I believe that the bias against politics is due to algorithms and also to ourselves.
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