Research methodologies, in public health, are very important in solving health problems, health service problems and other health-related issues that people, groups and communities may have. They are useful in generating knowledge, designing and evaluating interventions in order to obtain accurate results (Holt et al., 2019). When focusing on any community, you realize that every community has needs and deficits that they must attend to and they often address these needs through the use of community resources and assets. In addition to this, when addressing these needs, one of the ways it is done is through the use of community surveys, key informant interviews, and focus groups.
Although community surveys, key informant interview, and focus groups are all effective research methodologies that can be used in a community needs and asset-based assessment, depending on the type of research being conducted, I believe and identify the use of community surveys as the research methodology that can be used in obtaining primary data on community needs and asset-based assessment that focuses on issues such as data on the amount of people who eat healthy foods within a community.
When conducting research with the use of Community Surveys, they have both strengths and weaknesses to using them. The strengths of a community survey are that they allow for a large number of people can give their input and at their own convenient time, they have a low cost, People can respond at their convenience, they prevent interviewer biases, they are usually in the form of a written record and are accessible to everyone to take and they don’t require you to be an expert trained interviewer in order to use them. On the other hand, the weaknesses of a community survey include the fact they often produce low return rates due to people doing them at their own convenience, they don’t represent the whole population of people within a community and just those who were interviewed, they force you to depend on only the selected sample which may not be efficient due to biases and most importantly, they limit a person being interviewed from expressing themselves (Holt et al., 2019).
This methodology supports my community-needs project because the aim of my project is to identify the different ways to promote health within the Williamstown community in hopes of preventing the increase of obesity among people living in the Williamstown community. In addition to this, because Williamstown is a community which is on the rise and has many fast-food restaurants within the community, the project will explore how to promote fitness, healthy eating habits and causes of obesity within the community so that the research will help promote the longevity of life and better health for all people living within the community.
Community Culture is a culture that is based on assumptions about which behaviors, guidelines, and their daily manifestations are acceptable within a community while the subcultures (learning, error and communication culture) characterized by the overall culture. Community culture would influence the implementation of the needs assessment by affecting the decision making and communication method used in the need assessment implementation. For example, for those within the community who’s culture prevents them from eating meat, they will affect the implementation of the assessment by disqualifying those within the community who do not eat meat or fat food based on religious beliefs and thus preventing accurate information from being provided.
References
Holt, C., Fawcett, S., Francisco, V., Schultz, J., Berkowitz, B. & Wolff, T. (2019a). Conducting Needs Assessment Surveys. The Community Toolbox. https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/assessment/assessing-community-needs-and-resources/conducting-needs-assessment-surveys/main
Holt, C., Fawcett, S., Francisco, V., Schultz, J., Berkowitz, B. & Wolff, T. (2019b). Conducting Surveys. The Community Toolbox. https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/assessment/assessing-community-needs-and-resources/conduct-surveys/main
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