TEST 4–QUESTIONS

TEST 4 (of 4)

EXTREMELY **IMPORTANT** REMINDERS:
—Copy and paste the TEST FORM (the form containing your ANSWERS—NOT the questions below) into a PSC-related email. The TEST FORM is in PAGES.
—Insert your answers on the TEST FORM and email your TEST FORM to me (from a PSC-related email) at [email protected] by the deadline for each test.
—Do NOT send ANY test as an ATTACHMENT or PHOTO, etc. These will be treated as nonexistent.
—Any answer other than one of these letters will be marked as INCORRECT: A, B, C, D, E. So, “T” and “F” are automatically WRONG. FOR TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS, USE “A” FOR TRUE OR “B” FOR FALSE.
—On your TEST FORM, make sure to FULLY complete PART 1: IDENTIFYING INFORMATION. ***NOTE***: not fully and correctly completing that section means losing 10 points for every item not properly completed.
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TEST 4 QUESTIONS:

DO **NOT** USE “T” OR “F” OR “TRUE” OR “FALSE”: every answer must be one of these: A, B, C, D, E.

  1. According to Aristotle, one gets moral virtues and vices as a result of one’s _____.
    A. Past actions.
    B. Genetics.
    C. Social position.
    D. Economic position.
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    2. Aristotle compared acquiring a moral virtue to becoming a _____.
    A. Soldier.
    B. Tennis player.
    C. Politician.
    D. Lyre player.
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    3. C.S. Lewis shared Aristotle’s view about how moral virtues are acquired. He used becoming a good _____ to illustrate this view.
    A. Lyre player.
    B. Writer.
    C. Singer.
    D. Tennis player.
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    4. Aristotle’s Theory of the Mean says: Any moral virtue is a character trait that’s somewhere “between” two extremes, both of which are moral vices: a vice of _____ and a vice of _____.
    A. Internalism … externalism.
    B. Excess … deficiency.
    C. Introversion … extraversion.
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    5. Aristotle claimed that courage is “closer to” [more like] _____ than it is to _____.
    A. Cowardice … foolhardiness.
    B. Foolhardiness … cowardice.
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    6. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): Aristotle claimed that cowardice is the mean between courage and foolhardiness.
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    7. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): According to Aristotle’s Theory of the Mean, the mean IS a mathematical average.
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    8. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): According to Aristotle, ethics [moral philosophy] IS an exact science.
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    9. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): According to Aristotle, to determine the morally correct course of action, one takes into account the specific circumstances of the situation.
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    10. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): The criticism of Aristotle’s Theory of the Mean that we discussed says this: The Theory of the Mean is too specific in its moral guidance.
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    11. Which of the following is NOT a claim made by Ethical Egoism?
    A. You have no duties to other people.
    B. You ought to maximize self-interest.
    C. Your only duty is to do what is best for yourself.
    D. You should never do anything that happens to benefit others.
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    12. Which of the following IS a claim made by Ethical Egoism?
    A. Always act as you please.
    B. Always act for immediate gain.
    C. Always maximize self-interest.
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    13. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): The Principle of Equal Treatment says: We should treat different people differently.
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    14. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): The following IS a claim made by The Equal Treatment Argument: Ethical Egoism never advocates treating people differently without there being a good reason for the difference in treatment.
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    15. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): BOTH Ethical Egoism AND Mill’s Utilitarianism claim that whether an act is right or wrong depends on whether it maximizes something.
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    16. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): In Mill’s Utilitarianism, the happiness that determines the morality of an act is limited to the happiness of the individual who is acting.
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    17. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): Mill defines “happiness” as “activity of soul exhibiting virtue.”
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    18. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): Mill defines “pleasure” as “activity of soul exhibiting virtue.”
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    19. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): In Mill’s Utilitarianism, one should regard one’s own happiness as neither more nor less important than anyone else’s.
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    20. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): In Mill’s Utilitarianism, one should totally disregard one’s own happiness when making decisions about morality.
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    21. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): Consequentialism says that ONLY their consequences make actions right or wrong.
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    22. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): For Mill, someone’s motives DO affect whether his/her ACTIONS are right or wrong.
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    23. Hedonism says that pleasure and painlessness are the only things with _____ value.
    A. Intrinsic.
    B. Extrinsic.
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    24. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): To say that something has “intrinsic value” is to say this: It has value only as a means to something with extrinsic value.
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    25. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): In Mill’s Utilitarianism, I should do what would maximize happiness even if that would have disastrous consequences for me and people I care about.
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    26. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): A criticism of Mill’s Utilitarianism that we discussed says this: It over-emphasizes the importance of personal rights—the rights each person has—because the theory says it’s never morally correct to violate those rights.
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    27. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): For Kant, the Categorical Imperative IS conditional because moral requirements depend on our likes and dislikes.
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    28. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): In Kant’s theory, to treat someone simply as a means is to treat that person as a mere thing that one may use as a mere tool to achieve some desired result.
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    29. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): For Kant, one should always treat any other person as a being with only extrinsic worth.
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    30. TRUE (A)/FALSE (B): For Kant, persons are “ends” in that they have worth in themselves.

>>>>Make sure each and every answer is simply one of these letters:
A, B, C, D, E.
ANYTHING else is wrong.

 


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