Implementation phase-Database Management System (DBMS)Assignment ContentAttaching week5 requirement queries.
MEE 5901, Advanced Solid Waste Management 1Course Learning Outcomes for Unit IIIUpon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
Evaluate the evolution of technologies related to solid waste management.
Describe best practices of solid waste management in an urban society.Reading AssignmentChapter 4: Mechanical ProcessesUnit LessonAs the world begins to approach the peak rate at which natural resources can be delivered into commerce,the role of segregating, recycling, and reusing materials from waste refuse becomes more important to theglobal economy. In a world that has adopted the key principles of sustainable waste management, waste isnow seen as a valuable resource and is no longer viewed as being without value. A high-level of resourcerecovery is accomplished by applying different processing strategies that extract valuable materials fromwaste refuse (Department for Environmental Food & Rural Affairs, 2013). No single technology can meet allrecovery objectives. Therefore, multi-unit operations that operate in series to each other will be needed ifmaterials are to be extracted that still have or can be converted into products having commercial value. Eachof the different unit operations will exert its own positive impacts on the environment. The more material thatcan be extracted for recycling and reuse, the less residue remains that will need to be either thermallyoxidized for heat recovery or placed into a landfill.While practicing engineers in the field generally talk about separation technologies, there is also the need toinclude a discussion about conversion processes. Conversion processes can be classified into the categoriesof physical, thermal, or biological. The physical technologies that are primarily used when refuse is to beprepared for energy recovery are comprised of the following: screening, picking, shedding, grinding, wetseparation, drying, pressing, baling, and pelletizing. The end result is that the processed refuse iscompressed and densified into a refuse-derived fuel (rdf) for combustion in an incineration unit.Thermal technologies convert solid materials into gaseous products that are commonly referred to assynthetic gas or syngas. When oxygen is present, the process is referred to as gasification. In the absence ofoxygen, the process is known as pyrolysis.Pyrolysis units are designed to operate at temperatures greater than 925 degrees Fahrenheit in the absenceof oxygen. In addition to generating a pyrolysis char and oil, pyrolysis units produce syngas comprised ofmethane, carbon monoxide and dioxides, hydrogen, and complex organics. The syngas that is generated canbe combusted in boilers, gas turbines, or internal combustion engines to make electricity that is placed ontothe grid and sold to the local utilities. Syngas can also be transformed and made into other more complexorganic chemical substances.Gasification units operate in the presence of reduced oxygen levels at temperatures greater than 1,400degrees Fahrenheit. These units convert the organic materials in the municipal solid waste (MSW) to producea syngas along with carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and slag. Slag is derived from inorganic materials that areconverted into a solid, glassy residue at high temperatures.Plasma gasification units are also capable of generating syngas in units that operate at temperatures greaterthan 7,000 degrees Fahrenheit by making an electrically conducting gas called a plasma. The plasma isUNIT III STUDY GUIDEUnit Operations for Processing Municipal Solid WasteMEE 5901, Advanced Solid Waste Management 2UNIT x STUDY GUIDETitlegenerated by passing electricity through graphite electrodes using steam and a limited supply of oxygen. Theplasma converts organic materials into tars, oils, char and syngas.Other conversion technologies include aerobic and anaerobic biological systems that utilize microbialmetabolic processes to degrade the organic content of municipal solid waste. Composting is an example of aprocess that converts municipal solid waste to a soil conditioner, and other biological processes are able toproduce ethanol and biodiesel for use in commerce.Municipalities are beginning to look more favorably at conversion technologies as compared to putting allrefuse into landfills that throughout the country are being filled to capacity. Many cities are without analternative location for building and operating a new facility. Even for municipalities that have a site that canbe developed, the design, construction, and regulatory and permitting processes are costly and can takemany years to complete before the first load of refuse is placed into the new landfill. In addition to having asmall footprint, the primary benefit of implementing a conversion technology is that the outcome involves thegeneration of electricity when waste refuse is seen as a renewable resource. Conversion technologiesproduce energy from organic materials that cannot be recycled or composted (e.g., complex papers, plastics).As there are many conversion technologies to choose from, evaluation criteria must be used to help make agood selection. Decision criteria must consider both technical and environmental performances. Examples ofcriteria include the flexibility of the system to the composition and variability of the fuel, the level ofcommercial risk that the investors are willing to take, the level of water usage, and the conversion efficiency.Regulatory compliance obligations must be met, and how the byproducts and residual wastes will bemanaged must be assessed. Worker safety and nuisance odor issues must also be considered.In the U.S., many state authorities have complex and diverse regulatory requirements. Massachusetts,Vermont, and Rhode Island have passed legislation banning the disposal of food wastes and wood debrisfrom landfills and requiring their placement into compost piles. California now allows MSW to be used as afuel in cement kilns. These are a few examples of regulatory changes as waste management practicestransition from landfills to conversion technologies. The primary issue is that there are only a few full scaleunits in the U.S. Most new technologies are demonstration or pilot facilities that have not yet been scaled upinto a full size commercial unit. The European Union (EU) lacks landfill space; they have taken the initiativeand have moved faster and further with implementing new conversion technologies. The U.S. and the rest ofthe world will need to catch up and build on the EU experience. As countries implement strict regulations thatrequire communities to reduce greenhouse gases, local government are beginning to switch their vehiclesand fleets from diesel and gas to syngas. As syngas is a salable byproduct of conversion technologies;communities will be able to produce their own syngas from the treatment of municipal refuse. They will alsobe able to run their vehicles on the syngas produced in these treatment units, making waste disposal arevenue generator for local governments.While it has traditionally been the role of municipalities to manage the collection and disposal of MSW, globalcompanies are now offering to privatize these operations and provide integrated conversion technologies tolocal communities. More and more municipalities will bid out waste management contracts and sign long-termagreements with private companies. The revenue derived from these relationships will help these cities tofund and meet their budget obligations. Having in place a long term infrastructure plan for the future willimprove the bargaining position of a city to entice companies and skilled workers to relocate into thecommunity, which will have the benefit of growing the tax base and employment opportunities for the region.ReferenceDepartment for Environment Food & Rural Affairs. (2013, February). Advanced thermal treatment ofmunicipal solid waste. Retrieved fromhttps://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/221035/pb13888-thermal-treatment-waste.pdfMEE 5901, Advanced Solid Waste Management 3UNIT x STUDY GUIDETitleSuggested ReadingThis pdf explores different options to deal with municipal solid waste so that less of it has to go to landfills.The document focuses on different technologies that are referred to as Mechanical Biological Treatment(MBT). It will expand on the topics covered in the textbook and unit lesson.Department for Environmental Food & Rural Affairs. (2013 , February). Mechanical biological treatmentof municipal solid waste. Retrieved fromhttps://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/221039/pb13890-treatment-solid-waste.pdfLearning Activities (Nongraded)Practice the skills learned in this unit by answering the following questions:
Explain the differences in the microbiology profiles that are active in a sanitary landfill and in acompost pile. Which operation has the faster rate of degrading organic compounds?
Review the various types of anaerobic digestion systems. Pick the one that has the closestrelationship to a sanitary landfill and explain the reason for your selection.Nongraded Learning Activities are provided to aid students in their course of study. You do not have to submitthem. If you have questions, contact your instructor for further guidance and information.
Get professional assignment help cheaply
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
Whichever your reason may is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.
Our essay writers are graduates with diplomas, bachelor, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college diploma. When assigning your order, we match the paper subject with the area of specialization of the writer.
Why choose our academic writing service?
Plagiarism free papers
Timely delivery
Any deadline
Skilled, Experienced Native English Writers
Subject-relevant academic writer
Adherence to paper instructions
Ability to tackle bulk assignments
Reasonable prices
24/7 Customer Support
Get superb grades consistently
Get Professional Assignment Help Cheaply
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
Whichever your reason may is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.
Our essay writers are graduates with diplomas, bachelor’s, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college diploma. When assigning your order, we match the paper subject with the area of specialization of the writer.
Why Choose Our Academic Writing Service?
Plagiarism free papers
Timely delivery
Any deadline
Skilled, Experienced Native English Writers
Subject-relevant academic writer
Adherence to paper instructions
Ability to tackle bulk assignments
Reasonable prices
24/7 Customer Support
Get superb grades consistently
How It Works
1. Place an order
You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.
2. Pay for the order
Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.
3. Track the progress
You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.
4. Download the paper
The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.
PLACE THIS ORDER OR A SIMILAR ORDER WITH Essay fount TODAY AND GET AN AMAZING DISCOUNT
The post database management system appeared first on Essay fount.
What Students Are Saying About Us
.......... Customer ID: 12*** | Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐"Honestly, I was afraid to send my paper to you, but you proved you are a trustworthy service. My essay was done in less than a day, and I received a brilliant piece. I didn’t even believe it was my essay at first 🙂 Great job, thank you!"
.......... Customer ID: 11***| Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
"This company is the best there is. They saved me so many times, I cannot even keep count. Now I recommend it to all my friends, and none of them have complained about it. The writers here are excellent."
"Order a custom Paper on Similar Assignment at essayfount.com! No Plagiarism! Enjoy 20% Discount!"
