1. (TCOs 1, 2) Sallie noticed that when her alarm clock goes off in the morning, her dog Ruffles is standing by her bed salivating. Every morning when Sallie wakes to the alarm, she immediately rolls out of bed and feeds Ruffles, who very much enjoys his canned dog food. It is likely that _____. (Points : 5)
Sallie has conditioned Ruffles to enjoy canned dog food
Sallie has conditioned Ruffles to sleep next to her bed
Sallie has conditioned Ruffles to salivate over canned dog food
Sallie has conditioned Ruffles to salivate to the sound of her alarm clock
Question 2.2. (TCOs 1, 2) Darley and Latané (1968) believe that the presence of other people in a distressing situation decreased the likelihood that they would receive help due to _____. (Points : 5)
diffusion of anonymity
flaws in laws protecting Good Samaritans
timeliness of onset
diffusion of responsibility
Question 3.3. (TCOs 2, 3) Your teacher asks you to describe the sequence of parts of a neuron that the impulse travels during neural conduction. Which of the following sequences will you offer? (Points : 5)
Dendrites, axon, soma, synaptic knob
Terminal buttons, axon, soma, dendrites
Axon, soma, dendrites, synaptic knob
Dendrites, soma, axon, synaptic knob
Question 4.4. (TCOs 2, 3) Andy has decided to seek medical help for mood disturbances and appetite problems. Which neurotransmitter is most likely involved in the problems Andy is experiencing? (Points : 5)
GABA
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Question 5.5. (TCO 4) The vestibular senses are concerned with _____. (Points : 5)
touch, pressure, temperature, and pain
the location of body parts in relation to the ground and to each other
movement and body position
your location as compared to the position of the sun
Question 6.6. (TCO 4) Suppose you look at a given figure and decide that, depending on how you look at it, it can be perceived as either an old woman or a young lady. Such a figure would be said to be _____. (Points : 5)
mixed
confused
reversible
inconsistent
Question 7.7. (TCO 5) Which of the following stages of sleep is marked by the production of very slow delta waves? (Points : 5)
REM
Stage 1 (N1)
Stage 2 (N2)
Stage 4 (N4)
Question 8.8. (TCO 5) A client tells his therapist about a dream in which he drives his wife to the airport where she boards a plane. As the plane takes off, he is smiling. The therapist says the dream suggests a desire for a divorce. The therapist’s interpretation represents what Sigmund Freud called the dream’s _____. (Points : 5)
deep content
latent content
manifest content
subliminal content
Question 9.9. (TCOs 7, 8) In a conditioning experiment, a sound is paired with a brief puff of air to the eye of the rabbit. After several pairings, the rabbit ultimately blinks its eye when it hears the sound. Which of the following is true? (Points : 5)
The blinking of the eye serves as stimulus.
The puff of air serves as the unconditioned stimulus.
The puff of air serves as the conditioned stimulus.
The blinking of the eye serves as the conditioned stimulus.
Question 10.10. (TCOs 7, 8) John has been working on a math problem late at night without success; he falls asleep. Upon awakening, John suddenly realizes how to answer the problem. This best illustrates which of the following? (Points : 5)
Observational learning
Latent learning
Insight learning
Cognitive learning
Question 11.11. (TCOs 7, 8) “The effectiveness of memory retrieval is directly related to the similarity of cues present when the memory was encoded to the cues present when the memory is retrieved.” What concept does this statement describe? (Points : 5)
Memorability
Registered learning
Encoding specificity
Accessible decoding
Question 12.12. (TCOs 7, 8) Evidence suggests that procedural memories are stored in the _____. (Points : 5)
cerebellum
prefrontal and temporal lobes of the cortex
hippocampus
amygdala
Question 13.13. (TCO 8) You are learning Russian in preparation for a trip next summer. Although you are doing a good job recognizing the written signs you need to know, you are having trouble with the sounds of the Russian language. Which of the following aspects of language is giving you trouble? (Points : 5)
Syntax
Phonemes
Morphemes
Audiograms
Question 14.14. (TCO 8) How many morphemes are there in the sentence “I wanted it”? (Points : 5)
Four
Six
Five
Seven
Question 15.15. (TCO 10) Emily and her husband are thrilled as they peer into Emily’s uterus by means of an ultrasound. The physician reports that the pregnancy appears normal and that their baby’s fingers, toes, heart, and circulatory system are developing as expected. The couple learns that the baby is only an inch long. Given this information, the current stage of prenatal development is the _____. (Points : 5)
embryonic period
germinal period
zygotic period
fetal stage
Page 2
Question 1.1. (TCO 10) At what stage of moral development is moral thought guided by principles that have been decided upon by the individual and may be in disagreement with accepted social norms? (Points : 5)
Preoperational
Preconventional
Postconventional
Conventional role conformity
Question 2.2. (TCO 9) Michael has trained very long hours in order to qualify for the Olympics in diving. He has sacrificed a great deal—he put his education on hold and spent a lot of time away from his two small children and wife. To Michael, qualifying for the Olympics is a(n) ____. (Points : 5)
instinctual drive
incentive
innate goal
optimum goal
Question 3.3. (TCO 9) Which of the following is a criticism of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? (Points : 5)
The highest level has never been attained.
Self-actualization is actually a biological drive.
The hierarchy does not have any focus on social needs.
There is a lack of scientific support.
Question 4.4. (TCO 11) Consider the following three circumstances: (1) Raul is walking toward a business office and when he gets there, he opens the door for a woman and allows her to walk through ahead of himself. (2) Raul is walking toward a business office, and when he gets there, he opens the door for a man and a woman who are also approaching and allows both of them to walk through ahead of himself. (3) Raul is walking toward a business office, and when he gets there, he opens the door for a woman and allows her to walk through ahead of himself, but then he walks through without holding the door for the man with whom the woman was having a conversation. In which of the above circumstances has Raul demonstrated the greatest example of benevolent sexism? (Points : 5)
Circumstances #1 and #2 only
Circumstance #1
Circumstance #2
Circumstance #3
Question 5.5. (TCO 11) Lance is in the 12th
grade and is presently dating the head cheerleader, Ava. Lance is attracted to Ava, who is very feminine in her mannerisms, and Lance reports that he is attracted to girls who are petite and athletic. He and his buddies like to go “cruising for girls” on the weekends, but he has never strayed from Ava and is thinking about proposing to her after they graduate. He has never been attracted to any other boys. Lance is considered _____ in terms of his sexual orientation. (Points : 5)
homosexual
heterosexual
bisexual
transsexual
Question 6.6. (TCO 6) Seira is very pleasant and likes to keep the peace. She finds it difficult to express emotions and internalizes her anger. She has few friends and spends a lot of time alone. According to research, Seira _____. (Points : 5)
is at high risk for coronary heart disease
is a hardy personality
is a Type B personality
is a Type C personality
Question 7.7. (TCO 6) Vanna’s mother is ill and Vanna is feeling overwhelmed and sad. To cope with this stress of her mother’s illness, Vanna has been writing her feelings down in a journal. Vanna is using _____. (Points : 5)
problem-focused coping
emotion-focused coping
distraction
reappraisal
Question 8.8. (TCO 13) The classic Robber’s Cave study showed that prejudice can be reduced by _____. (Points : 5)
mere exposure
relearning social norms
cooperating to meet a mutually beneficial goal
rethinking one’s stereotypes
Question 9.9. (TCO 13) According to the research of Latané and Darley, which of the following situations would be the most likely in which someone would offer to help? (Points : 5)
Person on the side of the road with a flat tire during rush hour
Person asking for help in a crowded stadium parking lot
Person falling down coming out of an elevator with only one other person in it
A student falling off a ladder outside a full classroom
Question 10.10. (TCO 11) Anthony is sick of writing papers and studying for tests, but he knows he needs a college degree if he wants to be successful in his chosen career. So every morning, Anthony gives himself a dressing down—in essence, yelling at himself—to make himself get out of bed and go to classes and every evening he does the same thing to get himself to do his work. According to Freud, which personality structure is in control here? (Points : 5)
Id
Ego
Unconscious
Superego
Question 11.11. (TCO 11) If Sylvia is described as trustworthy, altruistic, and tender-minded, then she probably is fairly high on the Big Five factor known as _____. (Points : 5)
extraversion
neuroticism
openness
agreeableness
Question 12.12. (TCO 11) When a patient arrives in the emergency room, he is restless and irritable with unlimited energy and a rapid rate of speech. The attending psychiatrist believes the patient has taken cocaine or amphetamines and admits him for observation. The next day, the symptoms are the same. What condition with symptoms that are similar to those associated with amphetamine use might the psychiatrist now consider as a condition that is relevant to the diagnosis? (Points : 5)
Mania
Dissociative fugue
Conversion disorder
Catatonic schizophrenia
Question 13.13. (TCO 11) After being passed up for a promotion and then getting into a heated argument with his son, a man disappears. He shows up two weeks later in another town with no memory of who he is or how he got there. He appears to be suffering from _____. (Points : 5)
paraphilia
schizophrenia
a somatoform disorder
a dissociative disorder
Question 14.14. (TCO 12) As Celine begins to reveal more and more of her innermost thoughts and feelings to her psychodynamic therapist, she begins to feel good about him, as well as accepted by him. She develops a sense of trust, particularly because he does not criticize her. What process is occurring? (Points : 5)
Unconditional positive regard
Insight
Rationalization
Transference
Question 15.15. (TCO 12) A technique for treating phobias and other stress disorders in which the person is suddenly exposed to the fear-provoking situation or object in an intense way and is prevented from making the usual avoidance or escape response is called _____. (Points : 5)
systematic desensitization
flooding
paradoxical intent
aversive therapy
Page 3
Question 1. 1. (TCO 1) Summarize Erikson’s eight stages of psychosocial development. Provide an example for each stage that describes successful resolution of each stage. (Points : 20)
Question 2. 2. (TCO 6) What is a Type A personality? Based on current evidence, what is the main personality characteristic involved with heart disease and Type A behavior? How can such a person decrease the possibility of heart disease? Describe a person who has a hardy personality. (Points : 15)
Question 3. 3. TCO 13 How do advertisers use the principles of persuasion as discussed in Chapter 12? Pick a television commercial and use it as an example of the components of persuasion. (Points : 15)
Question 4. 4. (TCO 11) Distinguish between depression and bipolar disorder. How are they similar? How are they different? (Points : 20)
Question 5. 5. (TCO 12) Describe psychoanalysis. Include information about its theoretical background, how it seeks to help people, its key concepts, and an evaluation of its effectiveness. (Points : 20)
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