Pulmonary Function:
D.R. is a 27-year-old man, who presents to the nurse
practitioner at the Family Care Clinic complaining of increasing SOB, wheezing,
fatigue, cough, stuffy nose, watery eyes, and postnasal drainage—all of which
began four days ago. Three days ago, he began monitoring his peak flow rates
several times a day. His peak flow rates have ranged from 65-70% of his regular
baseline with nighttime symptoms for 3 nights on the last week and often have
been at the lower limit of that range in the morning. Three days ago, he also
began to self-treat with frequent albuterol nebulizer therapy. He reports that
usually his albuterol inhaler provides him with relief from his asthma
symptoms, but this is no longer enough treatment for this asthmatic episode.
Case Study Questions
1. According to the case study information, how would you classify the severity of D.R. asthma attack?
2. Name the most common triggers for asthma in any given patients and specify in your answer which ones you consider applied to D.R. on the case study.
3. Based on your knowledge and your research, please explain the factors that might be the etiology of D.R. being an asthmatic patient.
Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostasis:
Ms. Brown is a 70-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus
who has been too ill to get out of bed for 2 days. She has had a severe cough
and has been unable to eat or drink during this time. On admission, her
laboratory values show the following:
· Serum glucose 412 mg/dL
· Serum sodium (Na+) 156 mEq/L
· Serum potassium (K+) 5.6 mEq/L
· Serum chloride (Cl–) 115 mEq/L
· Arterial blood gases (ABGs): pH 7.30; PaCO2 32 mmHg; PaO2 70 mmHg; HCO3– 20 mEq/L
Case Study Questions
1. Based on Ms. Brown admission’s laboratory values, could you determine what type of water and electrolyte imbalance does she has?
2. Describe the signs and symptoms to the different types of water imbalance and described clinical manifestation she might exhibit with the potassium level she has.
3. In the specific case presented which would be the most appropriate treatment for Ms. Brown and why?
4. What the ABGs from Ms. Brown indicate regarding her acid-base imbalance?
5. Based on your readings and your research define and describe Anion Gaps and its clinical significance.
Submission Instructions:
· Include both case studies in your post.
· Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA 7th style with support from at least 3 academic sources.
- Turnitin similarity should be less than 14%
- Each student must adhere to the formatting rules which include but is not limited to in-text citations and references outlined in the 7th Edition of the APA handbook. For example, this tool does not italicize journals or book names.
- Quotes “…” cannot be used at a higher learning level for your assignments, so sentences need to be paraphrased and referenced.
- Acceptable references include scholarly journal articles or primary legal sources (statutes, court opinions), journal articles, and books published in the last five years. No websites to be referenced without prior approval.
Textbook(s)
Delugash, L., Story, L. (2020). Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN: 978-1284150452
Table of Contents
Read
· Delugash, L., Story, L. (2020).
o Chapter 5
CH05.pptx
Download CH05.pptx
o Chapter 6
CH06.pptx Download CH06.pptx
Watch
·
Chapter 5: Pulmonary Function (56:31)
STU.
(2021). Chapter 5: Pulmonary function [Video].
Studio.
·
Chapter 6: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis (36:11)
STU.
(2021). Chapter 6: Fluid,
electrolyte, and acid-base homeostasis [Video]. Studio.
·
Gas exchange and partial pressures (4:10)
Alila Medical Media. (2019, May 6). Gas exchange and partial pressures,
animation [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/6qnSsV2syUEhttps://youtu.be/6qnSsV2syUE (Links to an external site.)
·
Acid base balance (5:44)
Alila Medical Media. (2017, October 10). Acid base balance, animation [Video].
YouTube. https://youtu.be/VzEEs00v-JUhttps://youtu.be/VzEEs00v-JU (Links to an external site.)
Online Materials & Resources:
1.
Diagnosing and
managing asthma (Links to an external
site.)
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health,
& National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2011). Asthma care quick reference: Diagnosing and
managing asthma.
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/guidelines/asthma_qrg.pdf
2. General characteristics of patients with
electrolyte imbalance admitted to ER (Links to an external site.)
Balcı, A. K., Koksal, O., Kose, A., Armagan, E., Ozdemir, F., Inal, T., &
Oner, N. (2013). General characteristics of patients with electrolyte imbalance
admitted to emergency department. World
journal of emergency medicine, 4(2), 113–116.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4129840/
3. How lungs work (Links to an external site.)
How lungs work: The respiratory system. (2020, April 2). American Lung
Association. https://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/how-lungs-work/
4. Respiratory rate
and Childhood Pneumonia (Links to an external
site.)
Ginsburg, A. S., Lenahan, J. L., Izadnegahdar, R., &
Ansermino, J. M. (2018). A systematic review of tools to measure respiratory rate in
order to identify childhood pneumonia. American
Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 197(9),
1116-1127. https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.201711-2233CI
5. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (Links to an external
site.)
Home page. (2020, July 16).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/
6. Gas Exchange (Links to an external site.)
Gas exchange. (2020, October
8). MedlinePlus – Health Information from the National Library of Medicine.
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/anatomyvideos/000059.htm
7. Lung cancer—Patient version (Links to an external site.)
National Institutes of Health. (n.d.). Lung
cancer—Patient version. National Cancer Institute.
https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung
8. Health topics (Links to an external site.)
Health topics. (n.d.). NHLBI, NIH.
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/
9. Influenza
(seasonal) (Links to an external
site.)
Influenza (Seasonal). (2018,
November 6). WHO | World Health Organization.
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/influenza-(seasonal)
10. Tuberculosis (Links to an external site.)
Tuberculosis (TB). (2020, March
24). WHO | World Health Organization.
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis
11. Patients with electrolyte imbalance
admitted to emergency department (Links to an external site.)
Balcı, A. K., Koksal, O., Kose, A., Armagan, E., Ozdemir, F., Inal, T., &
Oner, N. (2013). General characteristics of patients with electrolyte imbalance
admitted to emergency department. World
journal of emergency medicine, 4(2), 113–116.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4129840/
12. Homeostasis -
Part-4: Fluid balance (Links to an external
site.)
Docherty, B., & Foudy, C. (2006, April 25). Homeostasis – Part 4: Fluid
balance. Nursing Times, 102(17), 22.
https://www.nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/public-health-clinical-archive/homeostasis-part-4-fluid-balance-25-04-2006/
13. Fluid and electrolyte balance (Links to an external site.)
Fluid and electrolyte balance. (2020,
October 1). MedlinePlus – Health Information from the National Library of
Medicine. https://medlineplus.gov/fluidandelectrolytebalance.html
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