The best way to approach this section is to start preparing an outline ahead of time. I have included a tablethat can help you organize the information. You can use this table as is, or as a blueprint to create your own version. Everyone’s brain absorbs and digests information differently. Which ever way you decide to study, I suggest you follow these steps:

Step 1: Focus on an organ/body system

    • Study diseases by body system. Start, and focus on only one system. Many of the infections that affect a particular system or group of organs share similarities, such as transmission (portal of entry/exit), common signs and symptoms, etc.

Step 2: Causative agents per system

    • Prepare some sort of list/table/outline that states the causative agent of a specific disease, the type of pathogen (bacterium, fungus, protozoan, virus) and any important characteristic highlighted in the slides. 
    • List the virulence factors. Use the slides, and the textbook (or any other resource you want) to validate which factors are the most common, relevant and characteristic of the disease. Learn how these factors aid the pathogen in the development of disease (pathogenesis).

Step 3: Availability of treatment and prevention

    • You do not need to memorize the name or type of any drugs, nor the mechanisms of action.  You must know, though, if there is treatment, what type, and what does it consist of. 
      • e.g. oral antibiotics for patients 2 years-old or older, intravenous antibiotics for infants, supportive care consisting of oxygen.
    • For prevention, you should know how the infection is prevented or what measures are available to prevent transmission. Availability of recommended vaccines (without knowing the name or the type), microbial control methods such as hand-washing, avoidance of certain behaviors or lifestyles, etc.

Step 4: Significant information

    • Make note if there is something very characteristic about the pathogen, the infection, or the population infected. This will help you know how a disease stands out against similar ones.
    • Focus on the differences, since there is so many similarities in terms of signs and symptoms, and transmission.

 

Corroborate information with the CDC, and add any additional info to your notes.



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