poli sci assignment, easyneed you help me to create a question from the following material and answer two question for me.Please see and use outline attached below.Question 1 and 2 are attached under “screenshot 1 & screenshot 2” and lecture notes are “polisci lecture notes” for creating a question.
Online Lab Experiment AB-251 Acid-Base Titration Using a pH Meter
For background and explanations, refer to the Introduction to this experiment on page 73 of the Chem 142 lab manual. Actual details of the experiment are included below, including a useful prelab demonstration video. Also refer to Ch 17 section 3 (17-3) of the 9th Edition of your Kotz textbook and your lecture notes for Ch 17.
Procedure: Two titrations were carried out. In each titration, a precisely known volume of acid was placed in a beaker and NaOH of precisely known concentration was added to it from a buret. A pH meter placed in the acid solution was used to record pH of the solution as each addition of NaOH was made.
A. Titration of a strong acid with a strong base (NaOH).
25.00 mL of hydrochloric acid of unknown concentration was placed in a 100 mL beaker and titrated with 0.120 M NaOH from a buret. The NaOH was added in small increments (approx. 0.5 mL each time) and the pH of the solution, and total volume of NaOH added, was recorded after each addition of NaOH.
B. Titration of a weak acid with a strong base (NaOH).
25.00 mL of acetic acid of unknown concentration was placed in a 100 mL beaker and titrated with 0.120 M NaOH from a buret. The NaOH was added in small increments (approx. 0.5 mL each time) and the pH of the solution, and total volume of NaOH added, was recorded after each addition of NaOH.
Prelab demo video: The following video (approx. 17.5 minutes, available on youtube) contains a demonstration of an experiment very similar to that you would have performed in lab (although it uses KOH instead of NaOH). It also has a pretty good explanation of part of the data analysis (how to determine the equivalence point).
Data and Observations: Available in a different assignment in the Ch 17 module in Canvas.
For each titration, the data consisted of pH values and total volume of NaOH added, in mL. This data was plotted as pH (y-axis) vs volume of NaOH added (mL, x-axis).
Download a separate PDF file from an assignment called “AB251 Data file xx” (where xx is a number from 01 to 08). You will find this assignment by clicking on the “Assignments” link in the Canvas menu (in the “Upcoming Assignments” section, you should see only one such AB251 Data file assignment). It will direct you to download the PDF file. The downloaded PDF will contain plots showing the pH vs the volume of NaOH added (mL) for each of the titrations. The plots are identified by a title (Strong acid-strong base or Weak acid-strong base).
Post Lab Questions (these are not the same as in the Chem 142 lab manual).
1. For the strong acid titration do the following:
a) Print the graph of pH vs volume NaOH added for the strong acid-strong base titration.
b) From the graph, determine the pH and the volume of NaOH added at the equivalence point. Show on the graph itself how you determined these points (draw horizontal and vertical lines from the equivalence point in pencil) and indicate on the graph what values you obtained. Refer to figure 17.4 on page 644 of the textbook (9th Ed.), and the prelab video (above) for help with this. Scan or take a picture of this annotated graph to include in your lab report.
c) Calculate the molarity of the hydrochloric acid using the volume of NaOH added at the equivalence point. Show the steps in your calculation.
2. For the weak acid titration do the following:
a) Print the graph of pH vs volume NaOH added for the weak acid-strong base titration.
b) From the graph, determine the pH and the volume of NaOH added at the equivalence point. Show on the graph itself how you determined these points (draw horizontal and vertical lines from the equivalence point in pencil) and indicate on the graph what values you obtained. Refer to figure 17.5 on page 647 of the textbook (9th Ed.), and the prelab video (above) for help with this.
c) Calculate the molarity of the acetic acid using the volume of NaOH added at the equivalence point. Show the steps in your calculation.
d) From the graph, determine the pH and the volume of NaOH added at the half-equivalence point. Use the volume of NaOH added at the equivalence point (Q2b) to calculate the halfway point volume (volume of NaOH added to get halfway to the equivalence point = volume NaOH added at equivalence point / 2 ), then determine the pH at this halfway point from the graph. Show on the graph itself how you determined these points (draw horizontal and vertical lines from the half-equivalence point in pencil) and indicate on the graph what values you obtained. Refer to figure 17.5 on page 647 of the textbook (9th Ed.) for help with this. Scan or take a picture of this annotated graph to include in your lab report.
e) Calculate the Ka of acetic acid. Read the information about titration of a weak acid with a strong based on page 647 of the textbook (9th Ed.) for help with this.
f) Compare your experimental value for the Ka of acetic acid to the true value for acetic acid by calculating a percent error. The true Ka for acetic acid is 1.8 × 10-5.
3. Assume that the strong acid used in the titration in part A was sulfuric acid instead of hydrochloric acid. Based on the data you analyzed, calculate the concentration of the sulfuric acid.
4. For the titration of the acetic acid with NaOH, calculate the expected pH of the solution at the equivalence point.
Hint: You will need to use the volume of acetic acid (from procedures information), the volume of NaOH at the equivalence point (Q2b), and the calculated concentration of acetic acid (Q2c) in your answer. You will also need the Kb value for acetate ion (CH3COO–). Start by calculating the concentration of acetate ion at the equivalence point. You will then set up an ICE table based on the equilibrium equation for the acetate ion acting as a weak base. From this you will be able to determine the concentration of OH– ions and therefore pOH and then pH. Refer to example problem 17.6 (part b) on pages 648 – 650 of the 9th Ed of the Kotz textbook for guidance on the procedures involved in this calculation.
Lab Report
Title Page
Scans/Pictures of annotated graphs (make sure details can be seen)
Answers to postlab questions 1 – 4 above. You may type or hand write your answers. Rewrite the questions before you answer them. Show steps in calculations for full credit.
Try to combine these materials into one file if possible. Please name all files following the naming convention “Lastname_Initial_AB251”.
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