Due to the COVID-19 epidemy, with so many working and studying remotely, the Internet’s capacity is under considerable strain. Unfortunately, this has put a huge load on Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and we can only expect the situation to worsen with time. The latest statistics indicate that the throughput in the network during daytime business hours has seen a surge of over 102 percent as compared to the usage in last week of February.
While ISPs are coming up with short-term solutions to provide as much capacity as possible, a more permanent solution is required to cater Internet’s future growth and demands. Therefore, as a permanent solution for the capacity problem, researchers are investigating possible reengineering/redesigning of the traditional TCP/IP protocol suite.
TCP/IP was originally designed for wide area network, even though it has been used in local area network mostly, it’s not optimised for it. For example, though CRC is used for checksum, TCP still uses in-packet checksum for end-to-end reliability, which is an overhead considering that computing the checksum is expensive and resource intensive, leading to a bottleneck in the network.
Note: A high level definition for Network capacity is the amount of traffic that a network can handle at any given time. A more detailed and through definition can be found from the link: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5136
Task : Your task is to propose a fix/solution to the TCP/IP protocol suite to help the Internet overcome its capacity bottleneck/s. For example, you may focus on fixing a specific problem at a particular layer of the protocol stack or improving a known deficiency of a protocol or propose a completely novel method to improve network capacity based on the knowledge you have gained from the unit. You have complete freedom to design a solution to improve the capacity of the Internet. Remember, less is more: simple solutions are the best solutions.
Method : You must familiarize yourself with the current literature published under the above topic. Therefore, you must first perform a literature survey. Publications can be accessed via Library’s A-Z Databases. A recommended database for this task is IEEE Xplore. If you have difficulties in remotely accessing the Library databases, please contact the library and they will be able to help you. If you are unable to access Library databases as recommended, Google Scholar may be an alternative option. However, not all documents from Google Scholar can be considered as peer-reviewed publications from legitimate sources. Next, you may proceed with the designing of your novel architecture.
Format : The final report must be prepared according to the guidelines of the attached template. It must have an approximate word count 2000-3000 (excluding references) and reference up to 8-10 peer-reviewed publications (preferably from 2010 onwards). IEEE referencing format must be followed.
Due : Friday, 30 October (Week 13)
Final Project Report Template
Given Name Surname
Name of Organization/Affiliation
City, Country
email address
Abstract— The abstract section is a concise digest of the content of the paper. An abstract is more than a summary. A summary is a brief restatement of preceding text that is intended to orient a reader who has studied the preceding text. An abstract is intended to be self-explanatory without reference to the paper, but is not a substitute for the paper. The abstract should present, the purpose of the paper, general materials and methods, summarized results, and the major conclusions. (Word Count: 250)
I. Introduction (500 words)
It should give readers enough information to appreciate your specific objectives within a larger theoretical framework. A helpful strategy in this section is to go from the general, theoretical framework to your specific question. Remember to present only the most relevant ideas and get quickly to the point of the paper. After placing your work in a broader context, you should state the specific question(s) to be answered.
II. Literature Review (750 words)
This section may include background information about the problem such as a summary of any research that has been done on the problem in the past and how the present experiment will help to clarify or expand the knowledge in this general area. All background information gathered from other published sources must, of course, be appropriately cited in IEEE referencing format.
III. Design and Methodology (750 words)
The author describes the proposed solution to the problem identified in the Introduction. You must clearly state the originality of your proposal and what novel contributions your design brings to the body of knowledge. The author describes the architectural design, the apparatus, methods of gathering data and type of control. The general rule to remember is that the Materials and Methods section should be detailed and clear enough so that any reader knowledgeable in basic scientific techniques could duplicate the study if she/he wished to do so.
IV. Discussion (500 words)
If available, here the researcher presents summarized data for inspection using narrative text and, where appropriate, tables and figures to display summarized data. You must clearly put forward a discussion to justify the originality of your proposal and how it solves the identified problem. Next discuss how your solution is superior than the state-of- the-art by benchmarking it against at least two other similar published works. Finally, clearly state your contributions to the body of knowledge. A useful strategy in discussing your proposed solution is to relate your specific results back to the broad theoretical context presented in the Introduction. Since your Introduction went from the general to a specific question, going from the specific back to the general will help to tie your ideas and arguments together.
V. Conclusions (250 words)
This section simply states what the author thinks the solution mean, and, as such, should relate directly back to the problem/question stated in the introduction. By looking at only the Introduction and Conclusions sections, a reader should have a good idea of what the researcher has investigated and discovered even though the specific details of how the work was done would not be known.
References (no word limit)
You need to reference at least 8 – 10 peer-reviewed publications. These can be accessed via library’s A-Z Databases. A recommended database for this assignment is IEEE Xplore. If you have difficulties in remotely accessing the Library databases, please contact the library and they will be able to help you. If you are unable to access Library databases as recommended, Google Scholar may be an alternative option. However, not all documents from Google Scholar can be considered as peer-reviewed publications from legitimate sources.
The references section is excluded from the page count and follow the IEEE format. The template will number citations consecutively within brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the bracket [2]. Refer simply to the reference number, as in [3]—do not use “Ref. [3]” or “reference [3]” except at the beginning of a sentence: “Reference [3] was the first …” Unless there are six authors or more give all authors’ names; do not use “et al.”. Papers that have not been published, even if they have been submitted for publication, should be cited as “unpublished” [4]. Papers that have been accepted for publication should be cited as “in press” [5]. Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for proper nouns and element symbols.
[1] G. Eason, B. Noble, and I. N. Sneddon, “On certain integrals of Lipschitz-Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions,” Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, vol. A247, pp. 529–551, April 1955. (references)
[2] J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68–73.
[3] I. S. Jacobs and C. P. Bean, “Fine particles, thin films and exchange anisotropy,” in Magnetism, vol. III, G. T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New York: Academic, 1963, pp. 271–350.
[4] K. Elissa, “Title of paper if known,” unpublished.
[5] R. Nicole, “Title of paper with only first word capitalized,” J. Name Stand. Abbrev., in press.
[6] Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, “Electron spectroscopy studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interface,” IEEE Transl. J. Magn. Japan, vol. 2, pp. 740–741, August 1987 [Digests 9th Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301, 1982].
[7] M. Young, The Technical Writer’s Handbook. Mill Valley, CA: University Science, 1989.
VI. Additional Information
A. Formatting Instructions
The template is used to format your paper and style the text. All margins, column widths, line spaces, and text fonts are prescribed; please do not alter them. You may note peculiarities. For example, the head margin in this template measures proportionately more than is customary. This measurement and others are deliberate, using specifications that anticipate your paper as one part of the entire proceedings, and not as an independent document. Please do not revise any of the current designations.
B. Abbreviations and Acronyms
Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are used in the text, even after they have been defined in the abstract. Do not use abbreviations in the title or heads unless they are unavoidable. An excellent style manual for science writers is [7].
C. Identify the Headings
Headings, or heads, are organizational devices that guide the reader through your paper. There are two types: component heads and text heads.
Component heads identify the different components of your paper and are not topically subordinate to each other. Use “figure caption” for your Figure captions, and “table head” for your table title. Run-in heads, such as “Abstract”, will require you to apply a style (in this case, italic) in addition to the style provided by the drop down menu to differentiate the head from the text.
Text heads organize the topics on a relational, hierarchical basis. For example, the paper title is the primary text head because all subsequent material relates and elaborates on this one topic.
D. Figures and Tables
a) Positioning Figures and Tables: Place figures and tables at the top and bottom of columns. Avoid placing them in the middle of columns. Large figures and tables may span across both columns. Figure captions should be below the figures; table heads should appear above the tables. Insert figures and tables after they are cited in the text. Use the abbreviation “Fig. 1”, even at the beginning of a sentence.
TABLE I.
Table Head
Table Column Head
Table column subhead
Subhead
Subhead
copy
More table copya
Sample of a Table footnote. (Table footnote)
Fig. 1. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)
Figure Labels: Use 8 point Times New Roman for Figure labels. Use words rather than symbols or abbreviations when writing Figure axis labels to avoid confusing the reader. As an example, write the quantity “Magnetization”, or “Magnetization, M”, not just “M”. If including units in the label, present them within parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. In the example, write “Magnetization (A/m)” or “Magnetization {A[m(1)]}”, not just “A/m”. Do not label axes with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write “Temperature (K)”, not “Temperature/K.”
Final Exam Marking Rubric
Criteria/ Grade
Fail
< 50%
Pass
50-64%
Credit
65-74%
Distinction
75-84%
High Distinction
85% +
originality & personal contribution
__ / 10%
Work does not meet The University’s Academic Board Policy
The work is the students own
Places new results in a credible research context
Makes a valuable contribution to the topic
Shows an original understanding which interests the wider engineering community; suggests new directions for further research/design development
command of subject
__ / 10%
Does not link theory to research
Describes and uses theory to inform research/design question; uses set readings to develop topic
Demonstrates understanding of topic; uses models to inform research/design aim
Compares and contrasts several theories; reveals strengths and weaknesses of complex theoretical models
Critically analyses competing theoretical models; use the literature review to demonstrate theoretical insights
introduction
__ / 5%
Is absent or is poorly structured or lacks essential elements
Contains a structure; describes research/design project generally
Makes specific statements about the research/design field; introduces key authors; links aim to existing research/design work
Analyses literature to indicate gap in existing research/design work; outlines scope of the study and provides some rationale for the research/design project
Provides sound rationale for the research/design project; contextualizes project aim; well structured and sequenced
literature review
__ / 15%
Is too short; lacks detail and analysis; does not cite important work
Reports the literature; quotes paraphrases and summarizes appropriately; shows a competent grasp of key issues
Has a clear structure and groups literature into themes relevant to the research/design topic; makes a clear link to own project
Provides a comprehensive and analytical examination of topic; makes links with research/design methodology; demonstrates sound understanding of key issues
Critically analyses literature; uses the review to create a rationale for the whole thesis; demonstrates a scholarly grasp of the literature; appraises the relevant literature
design /methodology
__ / 25%
Uses inappropriate research/design methods; lacks a structure or argument
Describes research/design methods and materials used so that they could be repeated; methods show a structure and might yield appropriate data
Draws on published research to provide a rationale for research/design methods; links methods and results sections logically
Derives methods from an analysis of strengths and weaknesses of existing research/design work; provides sound rationale for research/design project
Uses innovative methods; discusses methodology limitations
discussion /
conclusion
__ / 25%
Cannot reasonably explain results
Makes links to results with basic reasoning; states some usefulness of own research
Substantiates research/design claims with references; compares and explains (un) expected results with published results; suggests further work related to topic
Clearly interprets results; links to a theoretical understanding from the literature; anticipates criticism; identifies limitations to study and how they might be resolved
Uses results to critically interpret the theory/research supporting the study; explains how results advance the field; reveals an original understanding of own work
presentation format & references
__ / 10%
Writing does not clearly communicate message
Writes well; contains sections and subsections and a contents page; correctly employs departmental formatting and referencing guides
Writes in a consistently clear style without grammatical errors
Writes analytically; brings together all sections into a cohesive document
Uses the resources of written communication similar to a published research paper.
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