Homework 2
Due Date: November 10, 2019 by midnight on Blackboard.
Address the prompt below in a brief essay (300-400 words). Your essay should be concise, clear and well-argued. Do not quote the text nor spend time paraphrasing; rather, use the limited amount of space to expose your own arguments. Avoid rhetorical questions.
Instructions:
– Read: Harry Frankfurt, “On Bullshit,” Raritan VI-2 (1986): 81-100.
– What is bullshit according to Frankfurt? (Indicate the pages where you find Frankfurt’s explanations; this should be the shortest part of your essay.)
– For Frankfurt, what is worse: bullshitting or lying? Explain why (i.e., explain his reasons and argument). Indicate the pages where you find Frankfurt’s argument.
– What do you think is worse: bullshitting or lying? Why? Explain your reasons and argument. You should have a well-developed argument, not an unjustified personal opinion.
Length: 300-400 words.
Your paper should include the following parts:
1) Opening sentence(s) indicating what your paper is about and how will you address the issue:
“This paper examines Harry Frankfurt’s notions of bullshit and lying. After explaining his stance, I claim that XXX.”
NOTE: This is only one of many options; you don’t need to follow it word by word.
Be concise and make sure that what you say you do, you actually do.
2) Describe bullshit according to Frankfurt (include the pages).
3) Explain Frankfurt’s stance on bullshit and lying (include pages)
4) Explain what is worse for your, bullshitting or lying.
5) Conclusion. Recap your findings and why they philosophically matter.
General issues:
– Be clear and concise. Use your words wisely.
– Make sure you understand the philosophical concepts and that what you write down is actually what you intend to say.
– Try to use verbs like “proposes, claims, defends, argues, concludes…” and NOT “says, goes on, states, points out, decides.”
– Use logic connectors (therefore, since, because, however, furthermore, if…then) and not temporal (first, then, next, after that…).
– Avoid rhetorical questions, generalizations and platitudes, unjustified personal opinions.
– Cite the reading as follows: (Frankfurt, 95).
– Cite only when it is absolutely necessary to understand your argument, avoid long citations (your paper should not be a sequence of quotations).
Before submitting:
– Proofread your text. Read it aloud to see whether it makes sense and to check whether you followed the instructions.
– Add a word count.
– Submit your work directly on Blackboard, or in word or pdf (not pages or other file formats).
RUBRIC
Grading rubric for Homework 2.
The general criterion is having followed the instructions. Everything that is missing or completely the opposite of the instructions diminishes your grade.
In general:
– Content misunderstandings.
– Not being clear and concise (repeating the same ideas, adding unnecessary words to reach the word limit)
– Doing the contrary of what the instructions said: employing rhetorical questions, generalizations and platitudes (“a famous and much quoted phrase”), unjustified personal opinions (“transitions nicely,”
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