ENV/EHS 4460
Winter 2021
Homework 3
PART 1
1) What is biotransformation?
2) What is the general outcome in terms of chemical properties?
3) What class or group of proteins are involved?
PART 2
4) List and briefly describe five different metabolic mechanisms for biotransforming xenobiotics from both phase I and phase II (also give which phase they are a part of).
PART 3
Some epoxides are highly reactive compounds. (If you use sources other than the textbook, provide a link or a citation.)
5) Describe the biotransformation process for converting a xenobiotic into an epoxide metabolite.
6) Give an example and name the enzyme involved.
PART 4
7) One well-known pathways of biotransformation is the transformation of ethanol (CH3CH2OH) into acetaldehyde (CH3CHO). Then acetaldehyde is then transformed to acetate (CH3COO–). Link for more information on this reaction here: https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/aa72/aa72.htm (Note: searching for acetic acid instead of acetate may be beneficial): [I recommend exploring chemicals with https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/]
a) What are the two enzymes that are mainly responsible for these two steps?
b) Is this a Phase I or Phase II reaction? What type? Why?
c) Describe the change in the polarity of ethanol to acetate. What does that mean for what is likely to happen to these molecules in the body?
d) Think about the molecular properties of these molecules. How are their boiling points and polarity connected? Compare the boiling points to non-polar propane (-44 °F), which has a similar molecular weight.
e) Look up information on vapor pressure from a reputable source. How is boiling point connected to vapor pressure?
What Students Are Saying About Us
.......... Customer ID: 12*** | Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐"Honestly, I was afraid to send my paper to you, but you proved you are a trustworthy service. My essay was done in less than a day, and I received a brilliant piece. I didn’t even believe it was my essay at first 🙂 Great job, thank you!"
.......... Customer ID: 11***| Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
"This company is the best there is. They saved me so many times, I cannot even keep count. Now I recommend it to all my friends, and none of them have complained about it. The writers here are excellent."
"Order a custom Paper on Similar Assignment at essayfount.com! No Plagiarism! Enjoy 20% Discount!"
